Software Engineering End Term: 21 December 2025 (September 2025 term)

Which of the following test cases ensures branch coverage for the Python code given below?

Which type of testing is carried out by the customer to decide whether to approve the product?

Which testing approach allows early testing of the main logic, even if the low-level modules are not yet implemented?

What is the cyclomatic complexity of the following Python function?

Consider the following Python function:

From a blackbox testing perspective, how many input equivalence classes are appropriate for testing this function?

You are building a complex product object in the seller onboarding process. A SellerProfile object requires many optional parameters such as GST number, website, alternate contact, and warehouse list. You want to allow a flexible and readable way to construct such objects without passing all parameters in a constructor. Which pattern best supports this requirement?

A DiscountCalculator class applies discount rules for Regular and Premium customers using a switch statement. Now, to add a new customer type VIP, the developer modifies the same method to add another case block. Which SOLID principle is being violated?

A software module defines an interface PaymentMethod. Another class UPIPayment implements this interface. What kind of relationship does UPIPayment have with PaymentMethod?

In a poorly designed legacy system, a module includes unrelated functions like loginUser(), calculateTax(), and sendEmail(). These functions do not share data or purpose. What type of cohesion does this module likely have?

Which of the following activities occur after a sprint is completed?

Which of the following are true regarding an Activity Network?

A project manager prepares a risk table with probabilities and numerical impact levels for each identified risk. Which of the following combinations would receive the highest priority?

A banking app places the "Transfer Money" button in the same position across the dashboard, accounts, and payments screens, using the same label and icon each time. Which heuristic is best demonstrated in this design?

A project management app uses intuitive icons, consistent layouts, and familiar menu structures so that returning users can quickly resume work after a gap. Which usability goal does this reflect?

During a design meeting, a product owner is unclear about a feature's purpose. The designer draws a simple sketch of a UI and explains how the user will interact with it. What benefit of prototyping does this illustrate?

The mobile sales team wants daily sales summaries, while the furniture department prefers 30-day summaries. You identify this difference while conducting a joint session with multiple stakeholders. What requirement gathering technique is this?

A team of developers begins coding a complex online payment system without discussing a common structure. One developer modifies a function signature without informing others, breaking multiple components dependent on that function. Which phase was likely skipped or inadequately done?

A research institute wants to deploy a high-performance computing web application. It requires maximum speed, full system control, and does not mind paying a high upfront cost. Which hosting option is most appropriate for their needs?

Your team deploys a major update to a new server setup. If anything breaks, they want to instantly switch all users back to the older version. Which deployment strategy enables this type of rollback?

A software company is planning to launch a new product. Before development begins, the team needs to identify the target audience and understand what features would add the most value. Which team is primarily responsible for this task?

Ananya is developing a Python-based web application. She wants a tool that not only allows her to write code but also helps her with syntax checking, renaming variables across the project, and locating function usage. Which of the following tools is most suitable for her?

You see unexpected behavior in a GUI application and trace the function calls and state transitions starting from the button click that triggered the event. Which debugging strategy is most appropriate?

Your system supports an "Add to Cart and Purchase" workflow. To model how different objects interact during this process, which UML diagram would be most appropriate?

Imagine you're joining a new open-source project hosted on GitHub. You want to make some improvements in the codebase and share your changes with the rest of the team. Starting from scratch, what is the correct order of steps you should follow to make changes locally and push them to the remote repository?