Question 1

**Part A (Multiple Choice Questions):** Each question has four or more choices, out of which only one is the correct answer. (12×3=36 marks) **Q1.** A stacked bar chart showing the sales of different product categories across regions is an example of which data relationship?\ A) Part-to-whole\ B) Correlation\ C) Distribution\ D) Ranking **Q2.** Which of the following is an example of *dynamic visualization*?\ A) Static infographic poster of population growth\ B) Bar chart in a textbook\ C) Printed scatter plot of exam scores\ D) Real-time dashboard of COVID-19 cases **Q3.** In raster graphics, images are stored as:\ A) Equations\ B) Polygons\ C) Pixels\ D) Vectors **Q4.** Which type of data best describes “Temperature in Celsius”?\ A) Ordinal\ B) Interval\ C) Ratio\ D) Categorical **Q5.** A teacher collected the exam scores of 200 students, ranging from 0 to 100. She wants to analyze the **distribution pattern** of the scores, check for **skewness**, and identify any **clusters of performance levels** (such as most students scoring between 40 and 60). Which of the following visualizations would be the most appropriate? A) Pie chart\ B) Scatter plot\ C) Line chart\ D) Histogram\ E) Network diagram **Q6.** A data analyst is studying a dataset with three continuous variables: **study hours, exam score, and stress level**. She wants a visualization that can display the relationship among all three at once (e.g., how stress level varies with study hours and exam score). Which visualization would be most suitable? A) Heatmap\ B) Bubble chart\ C) Tree map\ D) Bar chart **Q7.** Which of the following is an example of *nominal* data?\ A) Zip codes of postal addresses\ B) Ranking of students in class\ C) Annual income of employees\ D) Temperature differences between cities **Q8.** A government agency wants to visualize the literacy rates across all districts in a state. They want the map to show how literacy levels vary geographically, using different shades of color to represent higher or lower percentages.\ Which type of visualization would be most appropriate?\ A) Heat map\ B) Cartogram\ C) Flow map\ D) Choropleth map Q9 with a hand-drawn sketch of customer growth strategy ideas and options A to D, followed by Q10 on the type of a Sankey diagram **Q11.** When visualizations are designed only for aesthetics without clarity, which principle is being violated?\ A) Data-ink ratio\ B) Semantics\ C) Storytelling\ D) Interactivity **Q12.** A pie chart is most suitable for showing:\ A) Changes over time\ B) Correlation between variables\ C) Part-to-whole relationships\ D) Geospatial trends **Part B – Multiple Select Question:** Each question has four or more choices, out of which one or more than one choice(s) is the correct answer. (8×4=32 marks) **(Common Data for Q1, Q2)**\ You are working as a data analyst for an **online retail company**. Your team is studying the sales performance of different product categories. The key insights are: - **Electronics** generate the highest total revenue of **₹50 lakh**. - **Clothing** contributes **₹30 lakh** in revenue. - **Books** contribute the least, at **₹10 lakh**. - The company also tracks the **number of orders** placed in each category: Electronics (5,000 orders), Clothing (6,000 orders), Books (4,000 orders). **Q1.** Which visualization techniques would be **suitable** for comparing total revenue across product categories? (Select all that apply) A) Grouped bar chart\ B) Line graph\ C) Horizontal bar chart\ D) Pie chart\ E) Scatter plot **Q2.** If the goal is to visualize both **total revenue** and the **number of orders** for each category in the same chart, which visualization techniques would be most suitable? A) Bubble chart, where the X-axis represents Total Revenue, the Y-axis represents Number of Orders, and each bubble is labeled with the Product Category.\ B) Dual-axis chart with revenue on one axis and number of orders on the other\ C) Stacked bar chart with revenue and orders stacked together\ D) Treemap where block size represents revenue and color intensity shows number of orders\ E) Heatmap with Product Categories on one axis and the two metrics (Total Revenue, Number of Orders) on the other axis, where both metrics are mapped using a standardized color scale based on *relative value* (e.g., Min-Max normalized). **Q3.** Select the correct statements about *infographics*:\ A) They often combine visuals with storytelling.\ B) They are primarily used for scientific analysis of raw data.\ C) They emphasize context in addition to data.\ D) They are usually interactive by default.\ E) They may sacrifice detail for clarity. **Q4.** Which visualization(s) can show *hierarchical structure*?\ A) Tree map\ B) Dendrogram\ C) Choropleth map\ D) Network graph **Q5.** Identify the roles of color in data visualization:\ A) Highlighting patterns and differences\ B) Always ensuring aesthetic beauty only\ C) Encoding categorical data\ D) Creating emphasis in storytelling **Q6.** Which geospatial visualization methods are correctly matched with their usage?\ A) Choropleth map – intensity of literacy rate in states\ B) Isopleth map – air temperature gradients across regions\ C) Dot map – average income per household in a city ward\ D) Flow map – migration trends between cities **Q7.** Which statements about violin plots are correct?\ A) They show both density and distribution of data.\ B) They are an alternative to boxplots.\ C) They cannot display multiple categories.\ D) They are useful for subgroup comparisons. **Q8.** Select the correct statements about **visual exploration**: A) It is open-ended and intended to reveal patterns or anomalies.\ B) It is primarily focused on confirming a hypothesis.\ C) It often involves big, complex, dynamic data.\ D) It is always presented as static charts. Part C instructions and Q1 on H-1B visa charts, with a dot plot of annual compensation percentiles and a line chart of employee change at foreign affiliates Line chart of % of H-1B workers by birth country (India, China, rest of world) and area chart of H-1B applications approved each fiscal year